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driving stepper motor with l293d

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  • August 10, 2013 at 8:49 pm #2587
    rasu shrestha
    Participant

    i am trying to drive stepper motor through l293d, the program runs and the stepper motor takes a few step but the l293d gets very heated up very soon. what could be the solution? can we get a heat sink for the l293d as well??? plz help!

    August 12, 2013 at 5:06 am #10315
    AJISH ALFRED
    Participant

    Hi Rasu,

    The problem is there in your code.

    In your code, increase the off time delay. If you don’t get it, don’t worry please post your code here.

    August 12, 2013 at 5:06 am #10316
    AJISH ALFRED
    Participant

    Hi Rasu,

    The problem is there in your code.

    In your code, increase the off time delay. If you don’t get it, don’t worry please post your code here.

    August 17, 2013 at 5:42 pm #10331
    rasu shrestha
    Participant

    we used l298 instead of the l293d and so the over heating problem is now solved and the motor is running fine but it often gives problem still. its not running as according to our project specifications. we are trying to make a solar tracker, and we are using three LDRs as teh sensors. as soon as any one of the sensor gets light the solar panel should be directed to that direction. here’s my code! it would be very helpful if my mistakes are pointed out! thank you#include<reg51.h>

    #include<stdio.h> //port2 for load(stepper motor)::port1 for ldrs(sensors)el
    #define high 1;
    #define low 0;
     
    sbit ldr1=P1^0; //initializing the bit of port 3
    sbit ldr2=P1^1;
    sbit ldr3=P1^2;
    int position;  //global variable to detect the position of the stepper motor
    void T0delay();//time delay while tracking
    void T0delay1(void);//time delay while moving fast to the required position
    void clockd();//for tracking the position of the light
    void clock();         //for clockwise from position1 to 2 or 2 to 3only while detecting the position
    void clock1();      //for clockwise from position 1to 3
    void anticlock1();//from position 2 to 1
    void anticlock3();//for position 3 to 2
    int check(); //to check the position of the stepper to return the position of stepper
     
        
    void main(void)     
    {
    unsigned int stepper_motor;
    P3=0xFF;          //initialize as input
    position=0x00;  //position=0 in first
    P2=0x00;
       
    while(1)
    {
    if(ldr1==1 & ldr2==0 & ldr3==0) //when ldr1 gets light
    {
    stepper_motor=check();    //to check the position of stepper motor in which step it is in and the value is returned from the function
    if(stepper_motor==1) ///if position 1 then move complete rotation
    {
    T0delay();//just time delay
          }
    else if(stepper_motor==2)
    {
    anticlock1();    //move to the position 1
       T0delay1();
    }
    else
    {
    anticlock1();   //if position 3 then moce anticlock and move complete rotation
    T0delay1();
    }
    while(ldr1==1)
    {//while ldr1 gets light only whole rotation should continue
     clockd(); //start tracking  one step function called and this is continued until ldr1 gets light
     position++;//each movement position is increases  
      if(position==24)  //if the complete rotation complete den only move anticlockwise rotation
       {
         anticlock1();//return back to original position 
        }
    }
    }
     
     
     else if(ldr1==0&ldr2==1&ldr3==0)
     {
     
    stepper_motor=check();
    if(stepper_motor==1)
    {
    clock();  //move fast to the position 2 then start tracking
    T0delay1();
            }
    else if(stepper_motor==2)
    {
    T0delay1();
       }
    else
    {
    anticlock3(); //to go back to the 2nd position
    T0delay1();
    }
    while(ldr2==1)
    {//continue to rotate when ldr2=1
    clockd();
    position++;
    if(position==24)
      {
       anticlock1();
       }
    }
    }
     
     
    else if(ldr1==0&ldr2==0&ldr3==1) //when light falls on 3rd ldr
     
    {
    stepper_motor=check();
      if(stepper_motor==1)
    {
    clock1();  //move fast to the position 3 then start tracking
    T0delay1();
    }
    else if(stepper_motor==2)
    {
    clock();   //move fast to the pisition 3 then start tracking
    T0delay1();
       }
    else
    {
            T0delay1();
    }
    while(ldr3==1)
    {
     clockd();
         position++;
      if(position==24)
        {
        anticlock1();
        }
    }
    }
     
     
     
    else if(ldr1==1&ldr2==1&ldr3==0)//both ldr receives 
    {
      stepper_motor=check();
    if((stepper_motor==1)&&(stepper_motor==2)) //while steppermotor is in position 1 ana 2
    {
             T0delay1();
    }
       else
    {
            anticlock1();//go back to position 1
       T0delay1();
    }
    while(ldr1==1&ldr2==1)
    { //tracking continues until light is on the ldr 1 and 2
       clockd();
    position++;
    if(position==24)
         {
         anticlock1();
         }
    }
    }
     
     
    else if(ldr1==1&ldr2==0&ldr3==1)
    {
     
    stepper_motor=check();
    if((stepper_motor==1)&&(stepper_motor==3))
    {
        T0delay1();
    }
    if(stepper_motor==2)
    {
    anticlock1();
    T0delay1();
       }
    while(ldr1==1&ldr3==1)
    {
    clockd();
    position++;
       if(position==24)
     {
     anticlock1();
     }
    } }
       
    else if(ldr1==0&ldr2==1&ldr3==1)
    {
     
    stepper_motor=check();
    if((stepper_motor==2)&&(stepper_motor==3))
    {
            T0delay1();
    }
    else if(stepper_motor==1)
    {
    clock();
    T0delay1();
    }
    while(ldr2==1&ldr3==1)
    {
      clockd();
      position++;
      if(position==24)
        {
          anticlock1();
        }
        }
    }
     
    else if(ldr1==1&ldr2==1&ldr3==1)
    {  
             clockd();
    position++; //whenever it is start rotating
    if(position==24)
    {
    anticlock1();
    }
    }
     
    //for no light search for the light by rotating left and right
    if(ldr1==0&ldr2==0&ldr3==0)
    {
    ;//stationar position
    }
    }//while 
     }//main
    int check()
    {
    int stepper_motor1;
        if(0<=position&&position<=8 )//to determine the position of motor.from step 1 to 8 it is in 1 position and from step 9 to 16 it is in 2 position and fron step 17 to 24 it is in position3
    {
    stepper_motor1=1;
    }
      if(9<=position&&position<=16) 
    {
    stepper_motor1=2;
    }
     if(17<=position&&position<=24) 
    {
    stepper_motor1=3;
    }
    return stepper_motor1;
    }
     
    void clockd()//function for clockwise rotation from position
    {
    P2=0x01;
    T0delay();
    P2=0x04;
    T0delay();
    P2=0x02;
    T0delay();
    P2=0x08;
    T0delay();
    }
     
     
    void anticlock1() //function for anticlockwise from 2 to 1
    {
       unsigned int count;
      for( count=position;count>=0;count–)
     
    {
    position=count;
    P2=0x08;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x02;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x04;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x01;
    T0delay1();
    }
     }
     
     void anticlock3()   //anticlock from 3 to 2
     {
       unsigned int count;
      for( count=position;count>=8;count–)
     
    {
    position=count;
    P2=0x08;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x02;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x04;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x01;
    T0delay1();
     }
     }
    void clock() //function for half clockwise from position 1 to 2
    {
     unsigned int count;
    for( count=position;count<=8;count++)
    {
    position=count;
    P2=0x01;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x04;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x02;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x08;
    T0delay1();
    }
    }
    void clock1() //function for little clockwise from position 1 to 3
    {
     unsigned int count;
    for( count=position;count<=16;count++)
    {
    position=count;
    P2=0x01;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x04;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x02;
    T0delay1();
    P2=0x08;
    T0delay1();
     }
    }
     
    void T0delay1(void) //delay by  using timer
    {
    TMOD=0x01;                       // timer 0, mode 1
    TL0=0xFD;                        // load TL0
    TH0=0x4B;                      // load TH0 for 0.050 sec
    TR0=1;                               // turn on Timer0
    while (TF0==0);           // wait for TF0 to roll over
    TR0=0;                            // turn off timer
    TF0=0;                           // clear TF0
    }
     
     
    void T0delay(void) //delay by  using timer
    {
    int j;
    for(j=0;j<=10;j++)
    {
    TMOD=0x01;                       // timer 0, mode 1
    TL0=0xFD;                        // load TL0
    TH0=0x4B;                      // load TH0 for 0.050 sec now for 2 sec delay
    TR0=1;                               // turn on Timer0
    while (TF0==0);           // wait for TF0 to roll over
    TR0=0;                            // turn off timer
    TF0=0;                           // clear TF0
    }
    }
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