Hi Asim
I do not think that this is possible without using any IC; there are few circuits which work similarly without any microcontroller but they have to have some or the other sort of ICs involved in them. On a very basic note, you would need a sensor to measure the intensity in the surroundings and a driver circuit which could adjust the light bulb's intensity accordingly. Sensor could be a LDR and the driver ciruit could be based on 555 timer IC & some mosfets or triacs to deal with the light bulb.
This might help 